Here is the list of Spanish American authors given in the last chapter of Cambridge History of Latin American Literature Vol 3. The focus of the essay is compare Spanish American literature with Brazilian literature - so the focus of coverage of Spanish American writers could be skewed - for example, for the the early part of the list before 1850, really that wasn't too much in Brazilian to compare, thus only the most important authors were named. Named with "x" on the right are the more important authors.
Columbus's letters | Spain | Prose | |
Bartolome de Las Casas (1474-1566) | Spain | History | x |
Alonso de Ercilla (1534-1594): La Araucana (1569) | Epic | ||
El Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (1539-1616): Commentarios reales (1609) | History | x | |
Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz (1648-1695): Primero sueno | Mexico | Poetry | x |
Andrew Bello (1781-1865) | Venezuela | Lyric poetry | x |
Esteban Echeverria (1805-1851): "Elvira" (1832), "La cautiva" (1837); Fondo y forma de las obras de imaginacion (posthumous, theorist); El matadero (novella, 1839-40); El dogma socialista (essay, 1846) | Argentina | Multi-genre | x |
Domingo Faustino Sarimiento (1811-1888): Facundo (1845) | Argentina | Lyric poetry | x |
Antonio de Castro Alves (1847-1871): "O navio negreiro" (1868) | Lyric potery | x | |
Jose Hernandez (1834-1886): Martin Fierro (1872 and 1879) | Paraguay? Argentina? | (Gaucho) Epic | |
Juan Zorrilla de San Martin: Tabare (1879, published 1888) | Novel | ||
Ruben Dario (1867-1916): Azul (1888); Cantos de vida y esperanza (1905) | Nicaragua | Lyric poetry | x |
Manuel Gutierrez Najera (1859-1895) | Mexico | Lyric poetry | |
Jose Marti (1853-1895): Versos sencillos (1891) | Cuba | Lyric poetry | |
Amado Nervo (1870-1919) | Mexico | Lyric poetry | |
Jose Enrique Rodo (1871-1917): Ariel (1900) | Uraguay | Prose | x |
Jose Juan Tablada (1871-1945) | Mexico | Lyric poetry | |
Macedonio Fernandez (1874-1952) | Argentina? | Novel | |
Jose Ingenieros (1877-1925) | Argentina | Prose | |
Horacio Quiroga (1878-1937) | Argentina? | Novel | |
Leopoldo Lugones (1874-1938): Lunario sentimental (1909) | Lyric poetry | x | |
Jose Vasconcelos (1881-1959) | Mexico? | Prose | |
Mariano Azuela (1873-1952): Los de abajo (1915) | Mexico | Novel | |
Vicente Huidobro (1893-1948) | Argentina | Novel | x |
Alfonso Reyes (1889-1959): Vision de Anahuac (1917) | Mexico | Prose | |
Ramon Lopez Velarde (1888-1921) | Mesoamerica | Lyric Poetry | |
Cesar Vallejo (1892-1938): Trilce (1922); Poemas humanos (1939) | Lyric Poetry | x | |
Jose Eustasio Rivera (1889-1928): La voragine (1924) | Colombia | Novel | |
Raul Haya de la Torre (1895-1981) | Peru? | Prose | |
Ricardo Guiraldes (1886-1937): Don Segundo Sombra (1926) | Argentina? | Novel | |
Roberto Arlt (1900-1942): Los siete locos (1929) | Argentina? | Novel | |
Romulo Gallegos (1884-1969): Dona Barbara (1929) | Venezuela | Novel | |
Nicolas Guillen (b. 1902) | Cuba | Lyric Poetry | |
Xavier Villaurrutia (1903-1950) | Mexico | Lyric Poetry | |
Pablo Neruda (1904-1973) | Lyric Poetry | x | |
Alejo Carpentier (1904-1980) | Carribean | Novel | x |
Eduardo Mallea (1903-1982): Historia de una pasion argentina (1937) | Argentina | Prose | |
Juan Carlos Onetti (b. 1909) | Uraguay | Novel | |
Jose Lezama Lima (1912-1977) | Novel | ||
Borges: Fervor de Buenos Aires (1923); Elogio de la sombra (1969) | Argentina | Mixed genre | x |
Nicanor Parra (b. 1914) | Chile | Lyric Poetry | |
Miguel Angel Asturias (1899-1974): El senor presidente (1946) | Novel | ||
Julio Cortazar (1916-1984) | Argentina | Novel | x |
Leopoldo Marechal (1900-1970): Adan Buenosayres (1948) | Argentina | Novel | |
Juan Rulfo (b. 1918) | Novel | ||
Mario Benedetti (b. 1920) | Uraguay | Novel | |
Octavio Paz (b. 1914): "Piedra de sol" (1957); Blanco (1967); El arco y la lira (essay, 1957); El laberinto de la soledad (1950); Posdata (1970) | Mexico | Lyric Poetry / essayist | x |
Ernesto Cardenal (b. 1925) | Nicaragua | Lyric Poetry | |
Ernesto Sabato (b. 1911): Sobre heroes y tumbas (1961) | Uraguay | Novel | |
Guillermo Cabrera Infante (b. 1929): Tres tristes tigres (1963) | Novel | ||
Mario Vargas Llosa (b. 1936): La casa verde (1966); La guerra del fin del mundo (1981) | Venezuela | Novel | x |
Gabriel Garcia Marquez (b. 1928): Cien anos de soledad (1967) | Colombia | Novel | x |
Manuel Puig (b. 1939): La traicion de Rita Hayworth (1968) | Novel | ||
Emir Rodriguez Monegal: founded journal Mundo Nuevo in Paris | Critic | ||
Jose Joaquin Blanco: Cronica de la poesia mexicana (1977) | Mexico | Critic |
Generational analysis of important authors:
b. 17th c.: Sor Juana
b. 1780s: Andrew Bello
b. 1800s-1810s: Esteban Echeverria (multiple genres, Argentine), Sarimiento (Argentine poet)
b. 1840s: Antonio de Castro Alves (poet)
b. 1860-70s: Dario (Nicaraguan poet), Rodo (Uraguay novelist), Lugones (poet)
b. 1890-1910s: Vallejo (poet), Huidobro (Argentine novelist), Borges (Argentine, multiple genres), Neruda (poet), Carpentier (Caribbean novelist)
b. 1910-20s ("Boom"): Paz (Mexican poet / prose), Cortazar (Argentine novelist), Marquez (Columbian novelist)
b. after 1930s: Mario Varga Llosa (Venezuelan novelist)
In a way, Sor Juana is a "re-discovered" pioneer (by Paz) ... other than her, Sarimiento, Dario, Rodo, and the "triangle" of Huidobro-Vallejo-Neruda are key before Borges (recognized late) and the Boom generation with Marquez at the summitof international recognition. These bolded names kind of make up a Top 10 names of Spanish American literature. But since my primary concerns are before 1900s (or at the latest before 1920s - theory being that without something like 3 generations it is unclear how literary fame settles), then I am left with a shorter list wtih Sor Juana, Sarimiento, Dario and Rodo.
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